Tsunami

TsunamiWhat Is a Tsunami?
Tsunami comes from the word:
Tsu = harborNami = Wave 
Being part of a world language, after a massive earthquake June 15, 1896, causing a massive tsunami struck the port city of Sanriku (JAPAN), killing 22,000 people and destroying the east coast of Honshu along the 280 km.
Tsunamis are ocean waves caused by earthquakes, landslides or volcanic eruptions that occurred at sea. Tsunami waves moving at hundreds of kilometers per hour in the deep ocean and can hit the ground with wave heights reaching 30 m or more. Magnitude of the tsunami in Indonesia Imamura scale ranges from 1.5 to 4.5, with the maximum tsunami wave height reaches the coast ranges from 4-24 meters and wave to reach the mainland ranges from 50 to 200 meters from the shoreline.
Based on the earthquake catalog (1629 - 2002) in Indonesian Tsunami never happened as much as 109 times, which is 1 times due to avalanche (landslide), 9 times due to volcanic and tectonic earthquake caused 98 times.Earthquake which caused a tsunami that most of the earthquakes have a focal mechanism with dip-slip component, which is the highest type of thrust (Flores 1992) and the fraction normal type (Sumba 1977). Earthquake focal mechanism of strike slip with a very small possibility to generate a tsunami.
The signs of an impending tsunami in coastal area are:

    Sea suddenly receded.
    Salty smell that was overpowering.
    From a distance it looks white waves and a very loud roar.
Tsunamis occur when:

    Large earthquake with a magnitude> 7.0 SR
    Location of the epicenter in the sea
    Depth <70 br="" km="">    Vertical sea floor deformation
Potential Tsunami in Indonesia:
Indonesia is prone to tsunamis, particularly islands meeting face to face with plates, among other West Sumatra, South Java, Nusa Tenggara, North Papua, Sulawesi and Maluku, and East KalimantanTsunami in Indonesia in general is a local tsunami, where the time between the earthquake and the tsunami wave arrival between 20 s / d 30 min